2. Passage 15 There is a commonly held myth that Einstein was an underachiever at school, but it really isn't true. While he may have had difficulties with languages, Einstein excelled in physics, mathematics and music. Einstein held many patents and was a keen inventor. While working at Swiss patent office in Bern he took it upon himself to write his own scientific papers in his spare time, mostly at weekends and in the evenings after work. 1905 was Einstein's miracle year. During this year he wrote three fundamental papers, any of which would have guaranteed him immortality in the world of physics. His first was on a new understanding of the structure of light. Einstein argued that light is composed of small particles of energy, called photons, as well as oscillating waves. The second paper built upon the theory of kinetics. Einstein explained how atoms were responsible for the buffeting of particles of material in suspension, like cigarette smoke suspended in air. This paper presented the first direct evidence for the existence of atoms, vindicating an idea that had been around for over 2000 years. His third paper of 1905 was ―On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies‖. Here Einstein derived the theory of ―special relativity‖. In a supplementary paper four months later, he formulated the famous equation, E=mc2, where mass and energy are equivalent, showing that a very small amount of mass converts to a huge amount of energy. This is the driving force behind atomic bombs, and all the stars in the Universe. What does the word ―immortality‖ (line 4, Pa. 2) mean in the passage?
A. An everlasting fame.
B. Unending life.
C. Endless richness.
D. Human nature.
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2. Passage 17 Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships. One strength of the human conditions is our tendency to give and receive support from one another under stressful circumstances. Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties. Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to cope with life changes and daily hassles. People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties. Studies over a range of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, reveal that the presence of social support helps people fend off illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health likely. Social support cushions stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives, and co-workers may let us know that they value us. Our self-respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others despite our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support. They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third, we typically find social companionship supportive. Engaging in leisure-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting us from our worries and troubles. Finally, other people may give us instrumental support ― financial aid, material resources and needed services — that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems. Research shows that people‘s physical and mental health( ).
A. depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troubles
B. relies on the social welfare systems which support them
C. has much to do with the amount of support they get from others
D. is closely related to their strength for coping with major changes in their lives
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33.( ) over 100 students will take part in the speech contest which is to be held next week.
A. Estimating that
B. Estimated that
C. It is estimated what
D. It is estimated that
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47.It‘s high time the government( )some measures about pollution.
A. takes
B. took
C. is going to take
D. has taken
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172.Parents try to( )their children of their bad habits.
A. cure
B. treat
C. recover
D. heal
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1.There seems to be an electrical problem. I‘ll get someone to( )it.
A. look out
B. look into
C. look upon
D. look at
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166.Pigeon is often considered a【n】( )of peace.
A. example
B. sign
C. mark
D. symbol
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81.They promised to make every effort( )the task in time. I think we should trust them.
A. to accomplish
B. accomplish
C. accomplished
D. accomplishing
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141.In( )I see why he failed in the exam. He had never actually done his homework.
A. ordeal
B. ridiculous
C. retrospect
D. thrilled
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187.To know more about the British Museum, you can use the Internet or go to the library, or( ).
A. neither
B. some
C. all
D. both
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