188.Make sure you‘ve got the passports and tickets and( )before you leave.

143.The school is( )in the low-income housing area.

A. 　precious

B. 　 located

C. 　 estimate

D. 　 temperature

111.Would you please pass me the book( )cover is black?

A. 　which

B. 　 whose

C. 　 that

D. 　 its

3. Passage 7 Greek soldiers sent messages by turning their shields toward the sun. The flashes reflected light could be seen several miles away. The enemy did not know what the flashes meant， but other Greek soldiers could understand the message. Roman soldiers in some places built long rows of signal towers. When they had a message to send， the soldiers shouted it from tower to tower. If there were enough towers and soldiers with loud voices， important news could be sent quickly over distance. In Africa， people learn to send messages by beating on a series of large drums. Each drum was kept within hearing distance of the next one. The drum beats were sent out in a special way that all the drummers understood. Though the messages were simple， they could be sent at great speed for hundreds of miles. In the eighteenth century， a French engineer found a new way to send short messages. In this way， a person held a flag in each hand and the arms were moved to various positions representing different letters of the alphabet. It was like spelling out words with flags and arms. Over a long period of time， people sent messages by all these different ways. However， not until the telephone was invented in America in the nineteenth century could people send speeches sounds over a great distance in just a few seconds. The African way of communication sent messages( ).

A. 　with arms.

B. 　over a very short distance

C. 　by a musical instrument

D. 　at a rather slow speed

33.( ) over 100 students will take part in the speech contest which is to be held next week.

A. 　Estimating that

B. 　 Estimated that

C. 　 It is estimated what

D. 　 It is estimated that

3. Passage 13 The favorite food in the United States is hamburger. The favorite place to buy a hamburger is a fast food restaurant. At a fast food restaurant， people order their food， wait a few minutes， and carry it to their tables themselves. People also take their food out of the restaurant and eat it in their cars or in their homes. At some fast food restaurants， people can order their food， pay for it and pick it up without leaving their cars. There are many kinds of fast food restaurants in the United States. The greatest in number sell hamburgers， French fries and so on. They are popular food among Americans. Besides， Italian food， chicken， seafood and ice-cream are very popular， too. The idea of a fast food restaurant is so popular that nearly every kind of food can be found in one. Fast food restaurants are popular because they reflect American life style. Customers can wear any type of dress when they go to a fast food place. Second， they are fast. People who are busy do not want to spend time preparing their own food or waiting while someone prepares it. In fast food restaurants the food is usually ready before the customer even orders it. Finally most food in a fast food restaurant is not expensive. Therefore people are able to buy and eat at a fast food restaurant often， while they may not be able to go to a more expensive restaurant very often. Why do Americans like to go to fast food restaurants?

A. 　It＇s because fast food restaurants are fast， informal， and inexpensive.

B. 　It＇s because people can easily find fast food restaurants.

C. 　It＇s because people like to eat hamburgers.

D. 　It＇s because fast food restaurants sell nearly every kind of food.

26.Stephen has committed a serious( )， which makes the whole family upset.

A. 　sin

B. 　 offence

C. 　 crime

D. 　 guilt

6、Translation 6 For most undergraduates， non-stop Internet is the fuel of college life. More than just toys， these instruments are powerful tools for the storage and management of every kind of information. And as more people around the world adopt these instruments， they are becoming indispensable. So， students should use the Internet to do homework， review lecture outlines， take part in class discussions and network online with their friends. But in doing so， students must remember to regulate and balance their time. Too much time online can mean too little time in real-life studying or exercising or visiting with friends.

4. Passage 3 Dieting to lose weight has become very popular in recent years. People have become more health conscious and try to take better care of their bodies by eating more nutritiously and exercising more regularly to lose any unnecessary fat that they may have. Not only are people being more careful about what they eat， they are also concerned with how they eat and how their meals are prepared. People are taking more time for each meal. Many avoid the so called ―plastic‖ fast-food hamburgers and choose to eat a salad or a sandwich of more healthful ingredients(成分) in a quiet restaurant with a more leisurely atmosphere. At home， they also try to take enough time to eat a relaxing dinner without phone or TV interruptions. While dieting may be viewed as beneficial， it has also become a serious problem for Americans， particularly for young women. Dieting for them has actually become a psychological addiction( 依 赖 ). They eat so little that they can lose as much as fifty percent of their total body weight， and although they look like skeletons， they still insist that they are fat. The current waves of exercising， dieting and the problems produced have caused many organizations to begin educating the public. Many schools， hospitals， health organizations， newspapers and magazines， for example， are offering classes， printing booklet articles， etc. to inform the public of the way to exercise and diet， of the dangers of dieting too rapidly， and of the places people can go for medical help if they find themselves on the road to ―diet addiction‖. The main idea of the last paragraph is about( ).

A. 　how the organizations try to help people with dieting addiction

B. 　what kind of media can be used to educate the public

C. 　where people with dieting addiction can go to ask for help

D. 　what causes the organizations to begin educating the public

3. Passage 4 Do you know who Benjamin Banneker was and what he did? Benjamin Banneker was a self-educated scientist at a time when most African Americans were slaves. Born a free black man in the British Colony of Maryland in 1731， he received some formal education， but he mostly borrowed books and taught himself science and mathematics. At 22， he borrowed a pocket watch， and without any training， figured out how to carve a working wooden clock that chimed each hour. Because of this clock， he became well known and people would visit him just to see his creation. Banneker ran his family farm from many years， but when he was in his late 50s， a neighbor‘s son lent him a telescope. He became interested in astronomy， the study of the planets and stars， and again taught himself a new science. He made calculations of tides， sunrises and sunsets， and even predicted an eclipse. For several years he published an almanac of these calculations. Today， he is best known for publishing six almanacs， called ―Benjamin Banneker‘s Almanac‖ between 1792 and 1797. In the 1790s， Banneker also helped survey and lay out the land for Washington， D. C.， which became the nation‘s capital. For a look at Banneker‘s amazing life， visit the Benjamin Banneker Historical Park & Museum in Ellicott City， Maryland. He became famous at the age of 22 because of.

A. 　a watch

B. 　 a telescope

C. 　 a book

D. 　 a clock

94.Many smokers choose to( )the fact that smoking is harmful to health and refuse to stop smoking.

A. 　confirm

B. 　 reveal

C. 　 show

D. 　 ignore