14.The hopes， goals， fears and desires widely ()between men and women， between the rich and the poor.

4. Passage Thirty-ThreeWe all know that DNA has the ability to identify individuals but， because it is inherited， there are also regions of the DNA strand which can relate an individual to his or her family (immediate and extended)， tribal group and even an entire population.Molecular Genealogy (宗谱学)can use this unique identification provided by the genetic markers to link people together into family trees.Pedigrees (家谱)based on such genetic markers can mean a breakthrough for family trees where information is incomplete or missing due to adoption， illegitimacy or lack of records.There are many communities and populations which have lost precious records due to tragic events such as the fire in the Irish courts during Civil War in 1921 or American slaves for whom many records were never kept in the first place.The main objective of the Molecular Genealogy Research Group is to build a database containing over 100，000 DNA samples from individuals all over the world.These individuals will have provided a pedigree chart of at least four generations and a small blood sample.Once the database has enough samples to represent the world genetic make-up， it will eventually help in solving many issues regarding genealogies that could not be done by relying only on traditional written records.Theoretically， any individual will someday be able to trace his or her family origins through this database.In the meantime， as the database is being created， molecular genealogy can already verify possible or suspected relationships between individuals.“For example， if two men sharing the same last name believe that they are related， but no written record proves this relationship， we can verify this possibility by collecting a sample of DNA from both and looking for common markers (in this case we can look primarily at the Y chromosome (染色体)，” explains Ugo Perego， a member of the BYU Molecular Genealogy research team.If two men suspected for some reason they have a common ancestor， ().

43.Public attention at the moment is ()the problem of industrial relations.

A. 　focused on

B. 　searched for

C. 　looked upon

D. 　called for

39.()great was the destruction that the earth-stricken region took decades to recover.

A. 　Very

B. 　Such

C. 　So

D. 　Too

2. Passage ThirtyThe Chinese have used a method called acupuncture (针灸)to help perform operations for about 4， 000 years without putting the patient to sleep.This involves inserting flexible needles into certain parts of the body.The needles are available in a number of stores in China and everyone may buy them.To learn how to use needles takes about one month of training.But to be skillful requires greater time.The person who performs the acupuncture knows how to put in the needles so the needles themselves are not painful.This person also knows where to place the needles so the patient feels no pain in the area where the operation is to be performed.In the past， a particular operation might require 25 or more needles placed in various parts of the body.But now this operation requires only 3 or 4 needles.Today， the Chinese doctors are trying to learn more about acupuncture.They are trying to develop a convincing theory to explain how the needles work in preventing pain， or why a needle in the wrist， for example， would prevent the pain in the area of the mouth.A patient who needs an operation is given a choice between having acupuncture or having one of the chemicals used for putting him to sleep.It has been estimated that over half of the patients choose acupuncture because there is no sickness after the operation whereas the chemical may make the patient sick for a few hours or a day.Which statement is NOT true of the performer of acupuncture?

47.The peasant uses wood to build a house ()to store grains.

A. 　where

B. 　in which

C. 　with which

D. 　which

4. Passage SixteenJustin was always prepared.His motto was “Never throw anything out， you never know when it might come in handy.” His bedroom was so full of flat bicycle tires， bent tennis rackets， deflated basketballs， and games with missing pieces that you could barely get in the door.His parents pleaded him to clean out his room.“What use is a fish tank with a hole in the bottom?” his father asked.But Justin simply smiled and repeated his motto， “Never throw anything out， you never know when it might come in handy.”When Justin was away from home， he always carried his blue backpack.He liked to think of it as a smaller version of his bedroom——a place to store the many objects that he collected.It was so worn and stretched that it hardly resembled a backpack anymore.It was full of the kind of things that seemed unimportant， but when used with a little imagination， might come in handy.Justin had earned a reputation for figuring things out and getting people out of otherwise hopeless situations.Many of his classmates and neighbors sought him out when they needed help with a problem.On the first day of school， his friend Kenny， came looking for Justin.“Do you think you have something in your bag that could help me remember my locker combination?” he asked.“I lost the paper it was written on.I have science class in two minutes and if I’m late on the first day it’ll make me look bad for the rest of the year.” Kenny looked genuinely worried.“Relax，” Justin said， taking his backpack off and opened it.“Remember how you borrowed my notebook in homeroom to write the code down? Well， I know how we can recover what you wrote.”He took the notebook and a soft lead pencil out of his bag.The page that Kenny had written on had left faint indentations (旧凹痕)on another page in the notebook.Justin held the pencil on its side and rubbed it lightly over the indentations.Slowly but surely the numbers of the locker combination appeared in white， set off by the gray pencil rubbings.“That’s amazing!” Kenny said.“I owe you one.” And he dashed off to open his locker.How come Justin could help Kenny recover his locker combination?

50.This project is said ( )right now and so far everything is going on quite smoothly.

A. 　to have carried out

B. 　having been carried out

C. 　to have been carried out

D. 　to be being carried out

2. Passage Twenty-SevenOut of all the students who enroll in a massive open online course (MOOC)， only about 5 percent complete the course and receive a certificate of accomplishment.This statistic is often cited as evidence that MOOCs are fatally flawed (有缺陷的)and offer little educational value to most students.Yet more than 80 percent of students who fill out a post-course survey say they met their primary objective.How do we look at these two facts? We’re used to focusing on completion rates in higher education， but they’re not the only—or even the most meaningful—indicator of engagement in open online courses.With no cost to enroll， no punishment for dropping out， and little reward for actually earning a certificate， MOOCs are fundamentally different from traditional classes—and students use them in fundamentally different ways.Data from more than 1.8 million students enrolled in 36 MOOCs offered by the University of Pennsylvania show that students treat MOOCs like a buffet (自助餐)， sampling the material according to their interests and career goals.Some are curious about the subject matter and just watch one or two video lectures; others use the discussion forums to connect with their intellectual peers around the world.Of all enrolled students， nearly 60 percent watch at least one video， complete at least one assignment， or post at least once in a forum.So focusing on the tiny fraction of students who complete a MOOC is misguided.The more important number is the 60 percent engagement rate.Students may not finish a MOOC with a certificate of accomplishment， but the courses nonetheless meet the educational goals of millions.In Para.2， the author stresses ().

43.Don’t look down upon a person only because he failed an examination.

5. Passage TwentyAll friendships require a certain amount of chemistry.But when two people of the opposite sex become friends， sometimes those friendly feelings can start to resemble something more like sexual tension.Male-female friendships can be an emotional minefield of hidden desires.Does this mean you secretly want to jump into bed with all of your friends? Of course not.But do you ever wonder how many of them might be interested if the opportunity presented itself? Maybe you and your platonic (柏拉图式的)friendship are just a bad breakup and a bottle of wine away from crossing that boundary and hooking up (结合).So can two people of the opposite sex ever really be “just friends?” The Hollywood answer to this age-old question is a decisive HELL NO.On screen， male-female friendships always turn into something more.Harry and Sally， Chandler and Monica， Jim and Pam…… Do I need to go on? Even the characters in Just Friends wind up becoming much more than the film’s definitive title suggests.Cinematic stories dictate that when reasonably attractive men and women befriend one another， they are always on the road to romance， whether they realize it or not.But how much truth is there to this friendship as foreplay theory? It is not a whole lot.Real life isn’t a romantic comedy.Men and women go to school together， work together and hang out in plenty of platonic settings without falling hopelessly in love with one another.Last year， a close female friend of mine moved in with a new male roommate.My immediate reaction was， “You two are definitely going to sleep together.” It seemed to me that a single man and woman living under the same roof would inevitably end up doing it.Much to my surprise， the roommate romance never happened.Almost one year later， the two of them have never even come close to seeing each other naked.Instead， their way of life has come to resemble a sexless marriage.They cook for each other， argue over domestic chores and insist that they never， ever think about each other “that way.”In the last paragraph， the man and the woman ().