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37. Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Most of us in the entrepreneurial community are blessed — or cursed — with higher-than-average ambition.Ambitious people strongly desire accomplishments and are willing to take more risks and spend more effort to get them.Overall， this is a positive quality， especially for people trying to build their own businesses.Apparently， if you’re more naturally driven to set goals， you are more likely to succeed.Actually， this isn’t always the case.In fact， in some cases， extreme ambition may end up doing more harm than good.One major side effect of excessive ambition is the tendency to focus too determinedly on one particular vision or end goal.This is problematic because it hinders your ability to adapt to new circumstances， which is vital if you want to be a successful entrepreneur.If a new competitor emerges to threaten your business， you may need to change direction， even if that means straying from your original vision.If you have too much ambition， you’ll find this hard， if not impossible.Few people are successful when they try to build their first brand.Unfortunately， for the most ambitious entrepreneurs， a failure is seen as disastrous， and impossible to recover from.It’s a clear departure from the intended plan toward the intended goal.For people with limited ambition， however， failure is viewed as something closer to reality.Remember， failure is inevitable， and every failure you survive is a learning experience.Ambitious people tend to be more materialistically successful than their non-ambitious counterparts.However， they’re only slightly happier than their less-ambitious counterparts， and tend to live significantly shorter lives.This implies that even though ambitious people are more likely to achieve conventional “success，” such success means nothing for their health and happiness—and if you don’t have health and happiness， what else could possibly matter?Clearly， some amount of ambition is good for your motivation.Without any ambition， you wouldn＇t start your own business， set or achieve goals and get far in life.But an excess of ambition can also be dangerous， putting you at risk of burnout， stubbornness and even a shorter life.What does the author imply by saying “this isn’t always the case” (Line 1， Para.3)?

A、　Ambitious people may not have a greater chance of success.

B、　Ambitious people may not have more positive qualities.

C、　Entrepreneurs’ ambition does as much good as harm.

D、　Entrepreneurs are more naturally driven to success.

答案：A

大学英语考试题库

1. Passage Thirty-FourMuch unfriendly feeling towards computers has been based on the fear of widespread unemployment resulting from their introduction.Computers are often used as part of automated (自动化的)production systems requiring a least possible number of operators， causing the loss of many jobs.This has happened， for example， in many steelworks.On the other hand， computers do create jobs.They are more skilled and better paid， though fewer in number than those they replace.Many activities could not continue in their present form without computers， no matter how many people are employed.Examples are the check clearing (交换)system of major banks and the weather forecasting system.When a firm introduces computers， a few people are usually employed in key posts (such as jobs of operations managers)while other staff are re-trained as operators， programmers， and data preparation staff.After the new system has settled down， people in non-computer jobs are not always replaced when they leave， resulting in a decrease in the number of employees.This decrease is sometimes balanced by a substantial increase in the activity of the firm， resulting from the introduction of computers.The attitudes of workers towards computers vary.There is fear of widespread unemployment and of the takeover of many jobs by computer-trained workers， making promotion for older workers not skilled in computers more difficult.On the other hand， many workers regard the trend toward wider use of computers inevitable.They realize that computers bring about greater efficiency and productivity， which will improve the condition of the whole economy， and lead to the creation of more jobs.This view was supported by the former British Prime Minister， James Callaghan in 1954， when he made the point that new technologies hold the key to increased productivity， which will benefit the economy in the long run.The unfriendly feeling towards computers is developed from ().

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1. Passage Twenty-NineHow can we get rid of garbage (垃圾)? Do we have enough energy sources to meet our future energy needs? These are two important questions that many people are asking today.Some people think that man might be able to solve both problems at the same time.They suggest using garbage as an energy source， and at the same time it can save the land to hold garbage.For a long time， people buried garbage or dumped (倾倒)it on empty land.Now， empty land is scarce.But more and more garbage is produced each year.However， garbage can be a good fuel to use.The things in garbage do not look like coal， petroleum， or natural gas; but they are chemically similar to these fossil fuels.As we use up our fossil-fuel supplies， we might be able to use garbage as an energy source.Burning garbage is not a new idea.Some cities in Europe and the United States have been burning garbage for years.The heat that is produced by burning garbage is used to boil water.The steam that is produced is used to make electricity or to heat nearby buildings.In Paris， France， some power plants burn almost 2 million metric tons of the city’s garbage each year.The amount of energy produced is about the same as would be produced by burning almost a half million barrels of oil.Our fossil fuel supplies are limited.Burning garbage might be one kind of energy source that we can use to help meet our energy needs.This method could also reduce the amount of garbage piling up on the earth.What two problems can man solve by burning garbage?

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12.Niagara Falls is a great tourist ()drawing millions of visitors every year.

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38.Rather than ()everything to the last minute， he always prefers to start early.

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3. Passage FourteenFor a long time， people have disagreed about whether golf is a sport or a game.On one side of the argument， people say that golf meets the dictionary definition of a sport， because it is a physical， athletic activity.They add that golf is recognized as a sport by sporting goods companies， athletic groups， fans， and the media.Also， golf’s inclusion in the Olympics in 2016 is more proof that it is a sport.On the other side， people say that golf is a game， not a sport.They say golf is not a very physical activity and can be played well by people who are overweight or injured.Also， golf was only recently added to the Olympics.For more than 100 years it was not included in the Olympic Games.For many， the Olympic Games serve as a measurement for whether an activity should be called a sport.Golf was first included in the Olympics in 1900.However， it was removed shortly thereafter because of a lack of participation and conflict with other golf events.Through the years， there were several attempts to bring golf back to the Olympics.It wasn’t until the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro， Brazil that golf returned.Some say the return of golf does not prove that it is a sport.Rather， it only proves that the Olympics wanted to benefit from the star power of famous golfers like Tiger Woods.The disagreement continues today.Those who think golf is a sport point to pro-golfers like Woods， who are strong and fit.Those who disagree point to golfers like John Daly.He is a successful pro-golfer who once had health problems.So is golf a sport? The answer depends on who you ask——and whether that person owns a set of golf clubs.Which of the following statements about golf and the Olympics is true?

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4. Passage Twenty-TwoThough some people have suggested that women should return to housework in order to leave more jobs for men， the idea has been rejected by both women and men in public opinion polls (民意测验).Lately some union officials have suggested that too many women are employed in type of work more suitable for men and that women should step aside to make way for unemployed young men.They argue that women—especially women in their childbearing years actually delay economic development and result in lower productivity， poor quality and inefficiency.To solve the problem， they have suggested that the working women stay at home while their husbands or brothers were given double wages.They argue that under these circumstances， families would retain their same level of income， and women could run the house and raise children much better.The suggestion has been rejected by 9 out of 10 people polled.A hundred persons in a big city were questioned last summer.Out of 50 women， 46 said they were unwilling to leave their jobs， no matter what the situation was.The other 4 said they would like to return home if their jobs could be taken by their sons or daughters.Of 50 men polled， only 6 said they would like to see their wives give up their jobs， if it meant higher wages for themselves.Some other people have suggested another way called “phased employment theory”.The theory suggests that a woman worker take leave from her job when she is seven months pregnant (妊娠)and stay off the job until her baby reaches the age of 3.It suggests that women on leave receive 75 percent of their normal salary and be allowed to return to work after the 3-year period.This will benefit children， women， their families and the society.Some of those polled， both women and men， felt the idea is a good one.It definitely seems to be more acceptable than the suggestion that women return to home forever.From the passage we can see “phased employment” means ().

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8.The house was very quiet， ()as it was on the side of a mountain.

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3、Now we know that all this is caused by the movement of the earth around the sun.As the earth journeys around the sun， it spins on its own axis.This can be illustrated (解释，说明)by a simple experiment.If you push a sharp stick(尖头棒)through a rubber ball and twirl(使旋转)it with two fingers， the ball spins around in much the same way the earth is spinning at this moment.The points where the stick comes through the ball correspond to(等同于)the North and South Poles.If you twirl this ball at night directly in front of a bright light， you will notice that half of the ball is lighted up while the other half is in the shade(阴暗处).That is just like our night and day.If you keep the stick strictly vertical(垂直的)to the light and twirl it at an even speed， any spot on the ball’s surface will be in the light and in the shade the same length of time.

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49.After( )the numbers＇ in every possible combination， we finally hit on a solution.

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3. Passage TenNowadays， children heavily cling to digital devices such as computers and smart phones.Some spend up to six hours a day on their digital devices.They can be playing games online with people elsewhere， updating their status on social media， texting friends， or looking for the latest apps to download to their computers or smart phones.This worried Martin Strott.He is the headmaster of the Old Hall School in Wellington， England.He was so concerned that he challenged his students to take part in a week of (“digital detox”)， a program to reduce their reliance on digital devices.Mr.Strott told the local newspaper， the Shropshire Star， that too much screen time would affect the development of their social skills.At another interview with a magazine， he mentioned that this over-reliance on digital devices “takes away family time and reduces their chances of face-to-face communication”.The parents are happy with the program.But what about the children? Nine-year-old Fred usually spends around two hours on his digital devices at home after school and around 12 hours on weekends.For him， the digital detox experience was “really hard”.He said that he had been engaged in many interesting outdoor activities organized by the headmaster， but still missed his phone and online games.The idea of keeping children away from their digital devices for a while to prevent too much dependence on them is not particularly new.There have been similar practices in the United States.But are they effective in the long run? According to Mr.Strott， even if kids go back to their digital devices， the hope is that at least they will think about how they will use their time.The Shropshire Star is ().

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大学英语考试题库

37. Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Most of us in the entrepreneurial community are blessed — or cursed — with higher-than-average ambition.Ambitious people strongly desire accomplishments and are willing to take more risks and spend more effort to get them.Overall， this is a positive quality， especially for people trying to build their own businesses.Apparently， if you’re more naturally driven to set goals， you are more likely to succeed.Actually， this isn’t always the case.In fact， in some cases， extreme ambition may end up doing more harm than good.One major side effect of excessive ambition is the tendency to focus too determinedly on one particular vision or end goal.This is problematic because it hinders your ability to adapt to new circumstances， which is vital if you want to be a successful entrepreneur.If a new competitor emerges to threaten your business， you may need to change direction， even if that means straying from your original vision.If you have too much ambition， you’ll find this hard， if not impossible.Few people are successful when they try to build their first brand.Unfortunately， for the most ambitious entrepreneurs， a failure is seen as disastrous， and impossible to recover from.It’s a clear departure from the intended plan toward the intended goal.For people with limited ambition， however， failure is viewed as something closer to reality.Remember， failure is inevitable， and every failure you survive is a learning experience.Ambitious people tend to be more materialistically successful than their non-ambitious counterparts.However， they’re only slightly happier than their less-ambitious counterparts， and tend to live significantly shorter lives.This implies that even though ambitious people are more likely to achieve conventional “success，” such success means nothing for their health and happiness—and if you don’t have health and happiness， what else could possibly matter?Clearly， some amount of ambition is good for your motivation.Without any ambition， you wouldn＇t start your own business， set or achieve goals and get far in life.But an excess of ambition can also be dangerous， putting you at risk of burnout， stubbornness and even a shorter life.What does the author imply by saying “this isn’t always the case” (Line 1， Para.3)?

A、　Ambitious people may not have a greater chance of success.

B、　Ambitious people may not have more positive qualities.

C、　Entrepreneurs’ ambition does as much good as harm.

D、　Entrepreneurs are more naturally driven to success.

答案：A