35. Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.To write his 2010 book， The 5-Factor World Diet， nutritionist Harley Pasternak traveled to the healthiest countries around the world to learn more about what made their meals extra nourishing.He noted that Japanese people ate a wonderful variety of seaweeds， and that Chinese people tried to include at least five different colors in every meal.Pasternak also came away with some valuable observations about how different the North American way of life was， compared with many other countries.For starters， Americans eat much bigger portions than people in other countries.“We don’t prioritize eating seasonally or locally， and we also add lots of salt， sugar and thickening agents to our foods，” explained Pasternak.Contrast that to the healthy Mediterranean， Nordic and Okinawan diets listed in Pasternak＇s book.They all seem to stick to the ethos (特质)of regional， seasonal produce.For example， a traditional Mediterranean diet includes fruits， vegetables， whole grains， nuts and olive oil as the main components of nutritional intake.Fish， chicken and red wine make moderate appearances， while red meat， salt and sugar are used much less often.The benefits of a traditional Mediterranean diet have been studied since the 1970s， and researchers have found that living that olive oil life can help people lose weight， lower their heart disease risk and reverse diabetes.Most other healthy eating cultures also make meals an event—say， multiple courses around the family table， or a glass or two of red wine at a long lunch—opposed to hastily wolfing down handfuls of cereal above the kitchen sink and calling it dinner.Each of the healthy eating cultures has its own unique feature.But Pasternak did take note of one unifying factor in all of the healthy societies he observed.“The only overlapping feature in most of these healthy countries is that they all walk way more than the average American，” said Pasternak.“So really， regardless of what you’re eating， if someone’s walking four miles more than you each day， they are going to be a lot thinner and live a lot longer than you.”Compared with the average American， people in healthy societies ( ).

31. Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.The United States is facing a housing crisis: Affordable housing is inadequate， while luxury homes abound (充裕)， and homelessness remains a persistent problem.Despite this， popular culture and the housing industry market happiness as living with both more space and more amenities (便利设施).Big houses are advertized as a reward for hard work and diligence， turning housing from a basic necessity into a luxury.This is reflected in our homes.The average single-family home built in the United States before 1970 was less than 1，500 square feet in size.By 2016， the average size of a new， single-family home was 2，422 square feet.What’s more， homes built in the 2000s were more likely than earlier models to have more of all types of spaces: bedrooms， bathrooms， living rooms， dining rooms， recreation rooms and garages.There are consequences of living big.As middle-class houses have grown larger， two things have happened.First， large houses take time to maintain， so cleaners and other low-wage service workers are required to keep these houses in order.Second， once-public spaces， where people from diverse backgrounds used to come together， have increasingly become privatized， leading to a reduction in the number of public facilities available to all， and a reduced quality of life for many.Take swimming pools.While in 1950， only 2，500 U.S.families owned pools， by 1999 this number was 4 million.At the same time， public municipal pools were often closed， leaving low-income people nowhere to swim.The trend for bigger housing thus poses ethical questions.Should Americans accept a system in which the middle and upper classes enjoy a luxurious lifestyle， using the low-wage labor of others? Are we willing to accept a system in which an increase in amenities purchased by the affluent means a reduction in amenities for the poor?I believe neither is acceptable.We must change the way we think: living well does not need to mean having more private spaces; instead， it could mean having more public spaces.A better goal than building bigger houses for some is to create more publicly accessible spaces and amenities for all.What are big houses promoted to be in the United States?

A. 　A luxury for the homeless.

B. 　A reward for industriousness.

C. 　An abundant source of comforts.

D. 　An absolute necessity for happiness.

3. Passage TenNowadays， children heavily cling to digital devices such as computers and smart phones.Some spend up to six hours a day on their digital devices.They can be playing games online with people elsewhere， updating their status on social media， texting friends， or looking for the latest apps to download to their computers or smart phones.This worried Martin Strott.He is the headmaster of the Old Hall School in Wellington， England.He was so concerned that he challenged his students to take part in a week of (“digital detox”)， a program to reduce their reliance on digital devices.Mr.Strott told the local newspaper， the Shropshire Star， that too much screen time would affect the development of their social skills.At another interview with a magazine， he mentioned that this over-reliance on digital devices “takes away family time and reduces their chances of face-to-face communication”.The parents are happy with the program.But what about the children? Nine-year-old Fred usually spends around two hours on his digital devices at home after school and around 12 hours on weekends.For him， the digital detox experience was “really hard”.He said that he had been engaged in many interesting outdoor activities organized by the headmaster， but still missed his phone and online games.The idea of keeping children away from their digital devices for a while to prevent too much dependence on them is not particularly new.There have been similar practices in the United States.But are they effective in the long run? According to Mr.Strott， even if kids go back to their digital devices， the hope is that at least they will think about how they will use their time.The Shropshire Star is ().

3. Passage ElevenDoctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion， unless you learn how to deal with it.They warn that anger can lead to heart disease， stomach problems， headaches， emotional problems and breast cancer.Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.Some people express anger openly in a calm and reasonable way.Others burst with anger， screaming and yelling.But still others keep their anger inside.They cannot or will not express it.This is called (repressing)anger.For years some doctors claim that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous.They say that in both situations the brain of an angry person releases the same hormones (荷尔蒙).They spend the heart rate， raise blood pressure or sugar level in the blood.As a result， the angry person feels excited and is ready to react.The violent reaction may lead to high blood pressure.However， some other doctors argue that repressing anger is more dangerous to a person’s health than expressing it.They believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of heart disease.Most doctors agree that it is important to learn how to deal with anger.They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and recognize the real cause of the anger， then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about.If so， you should not express your anger immediately and try to wait until your anger has cooled down， so that you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.They also believe that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry.After all， it is much healthier to laugh than to get angry.The best way to deal with anger is ().

5. Passage Twenty-TwoThough some people have suggested that women should return to housework in order to leave more jobs for men， the idea has been rejected by both women and men in public opinion polls (民意测验).Lately some union officials have suggested that too many women are employed in type of work more suitable for men and that women should step aside to make way for unemployed young men.They argue that women—especially women in their childbearing years actually delay economic development and result in lower productivity， poor quality and inefficiency.To solve the problem， they have suggested that the working women stay at home while their husbands or brothers were given double wages.They argue that under these circumstances， families would retain their same level of income， and women could run the house and raise children much better.The suggestion has been rejected by 9 out of 10 people polled.A hundred persons in a big city were questioned last summer.Out of 50 women， 46 said they were unwilling to leave their jobs， no matter what the situation was.The other 4 said they would like to return home if their jobs could be taken by their sons or daughters.Of 50 men polled， only 6 said they would like to see their wives give up their jobs， if it meant higher wages for themselves.Some other people have suggested another way called “phased employment theory”.The theory suggests that a woman worker take leave from her job when she is seven months pregnant (妊娠)and stay off the job until her baby reaches the age of 3.It suggests that women on leave receive 75 percent of their normal salary and be allowed to return to work after the 3-year period.This will benefit children， women， their families and the society.Some of those polled， both women and men， felt the idea is a good one.It definitely seems to be more acceptable than the suggestion that women return to home forever.According to the “phased employment” theory， during a woman’s leave from her job ().

4. Passage Thirty-FiveTelevision has changed the lifestyle of people in every industrialized country in the world.In the United States， where sociologists have studied the effects， some interesting observations have been made.Television， although not essential， has become an important part of most people’s lives.It alters people’s ways of seeing the world; in many ways， it supports and sustains (维持)modern life.Television has become a baby-sitter， an introducer of conversations， the major transmitter of culture and a keeper of tradition.Yet when what can be seen on TV in one day is critically analyzed， it becomes evident that television is not a teacher but a sustainer; the poor quality of programming does not elevate (提高)people into greater understanding， but rather maintains and encourages the life as it exists.The primary reason for the lack of quality in American television is related to both the history of TV programming development and the economics of TV.Television in America began with the radio.Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented with television.Therefore， the close relationship which the advertisers had with radio programs became the system for American TV.Sponsors not only paid money for time within programs， but many actually produced the programs.Thus， in American society， television is primarily concerned with reflecting and attracting society rather than experimenting with new ideas.Advertisers want to attract the largest viewing audience possible.To do so requires that the programs be entertaining rather than educational， attractive rather than challenging.Television in America today remains， to a large extent， with the same organization and standards as it had thirty years ago.The hope for further development and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in the entire system.The author believes that television in the United States has become important to most people because ().

45.They are going to have the serviceman ()an electric fan in the office tomorrow.

A. 　install

B. 　to install

C. 　to be installed

D. 　installed

7.Our son doesn＇t know what to()at the university; he can＇t make up his mind about his
future.

A. 　take in

B. 　take up

C. 　take over

D. 　take after

9.Although they plant trees in this area every year， the tops of some hills are still().

A. 　blank

B. 　hollow

C. 　vacant

D. 　bare

3.If the whole operation ()beforehand， a great deal of time and money would have been lost.

A. 　was not planned

B. 　has not been planned

C. 　had not been planned

D. 　were not planned

46.Very few people understood his lecture， the subject of ()was hard.

A. 　what

B. 　it

C. 　which

D. 　that