47.Scarcely ()when the murderer shot him down.

39. Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Most of us in the entrepreneurial community are blessed — or cursed — with higher-than-average ambition.Ambitious people strongly desire accomplishments and are willing to take more risks and spend more effort to get them.Overall， this is a positive quality， especially for people trying to build their own businesses.Apparently， if you’re more naturally driven to set goals， you are more likely to succeed.Actually， this isn’t always the case.In fact， in some cases， extreme ambition may end up doing more harm than good.One major side effect of excessive ambition is the tendency to focus too determinedly on one particular vision or end goal.This is problematic because it hinders your ability to adapt to new circumstances， which is vital if you want to be a successful entrepreneur.If a new competitor emerges to threaten your business， you may need to change direction， even if that means straying from your original vision.If you have too much ambition， you’ll find this hard， if not impossible.Few people are successful when they try to build their first brand.Unfortunately， for the most ambitious entrepreneurs， a failure is seen as disastrous， and impossible to recover from.It’s a clear departure from the intended plan toward the intended goal.For people with limited ambition， however， failure is viewed as something closer to reality.Remember， failure is inevitable， and every failure you survive is a learning experience.Ambitious people tend to be more materialistically successful than their non-ambitious counterparts.However， they’re only slightly happier than their less-ambitious counterparts， and tend to live significantly shorter lives.This implies that even though ambitious people are more likely to achieve conventional “success，” such success means nothing for their health and happiness—and if you don’t have health and happiness， what else could possibly matter?Clearly， some amount of ambition is good for your motivation.Without any ambition， you wouldn＇t start your own business， set or achieve goals and get far in life.But an excess of ambition can also be dangerous， putting you at risk of burnout， stubbornness and even a shorter life.How do the most ambitious entrepreneurs regard failure in their endeavor?

A. 　It will awaken them to reality.

B. 　It is a lesson they have to learn.

C. 　It means the end of their career.

D. 　It will result in a slow recovery.

4. Passage Twenty-FourSocial change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways.The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society.There are more ideas， more disagreements in interest， and more groups and organizations with different beliefs.In addition， there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies.All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision.In a society where people are quite similar in many ways， there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same.And although conditions may not be satisfactory， they are at least customary and undisputed.Within a society， social changes is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material， for example， in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements.Furthermore， social change is easier if it is gradual.For example， it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp dichotomies (一分为二).This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black American as compared to other American minorities， because of the sharp difference in “appearance between them and their white counterparts”.In the first paragraph， “greater tolerance” probably refers to ().

50.This project is said ( )right now and so far everything is going on quite smoothly.

A. 　to have carried out

B. 　having been carried out

C. 　to have been carried out

D. 　to be being carried out

42.This medicine contains some chemicals that may negatively affect your health.

42.The food ()at the moment is for the dinner party.

A. 　cooked

B. 　to be cooked

C. 　is being cooked

D. 　being cooked

10.Those gifts of rare books that were given to us were deeply().

A. 　appreciated

B. 　approved

C. 　appealed

D. 　applied

31. Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.To write his 2010 book， The 5-Factor World Diet， nutritionist Harley Pasternak traveled to the healthiest countries around the world to learn more about what made their meals extra nourishing.He noted that Japanese people ate a wonderful variety of seaweeds， and that Chinese people tried to include at least five different colors in every meal.Pasternak also came away with some valuable observations about how different the North American way of life was， compared with many other countries.For starters， Americans eat much bigger portions than people in other countries.“We don’t prioritize eating seasonally or locally， and we also add lots of salt， sugar and thickening agents to our foods，” explained Pasternak.Contrast that to the healthy Mediterranean， Nordic and Okinawan diets listed in Pasternak＇s book.They all seem to stick to the ethos (特质)of regional， seasonal produce.For example， a traditional Mediterranean diet includes fruits， vegetables， whole grains， nuts and olive oil as the main components of nutritional intake.Fish， chicken and red wine make moderate appearances， while red meat， salt and sugar are used much less often.The benefits of a traditional Mediterranean diet have been studied since the 1970s， and researchers have found that living that olive oil life can help people lose weight， lower their heart disease risk and reverse diabetes.Most other healthy eating cultures also make meals an event—say， multiple courses around the family table， or a glass or two of red wine at a long lunch—opposed to hastily wolfing down handfuls of cereal above the kitchen sink and calling it dinner.Each of the healthy eating cultures has its own unique feature.But Pasternak did take note of one unifying factor in all of the healthy societies he observed.“The only overlapping feature in most of these healthy countries is that they all walk way more than the average American，” said Pasternak.“So really， regardless of what you’re eating， if someone’s walking four miles more than you each day， they are going to be a lot thinner and live a lot longer than you.”What characterizes Japanese and Chinese foods?

A. 　Variety.

B. 　Flavor.

C. 　Color.

D. 　Naturalness.

50.My sister is used to ()with all the window’s open.

A. 　sleep

B. 　sleeping

C. 　have slept

D. 　the sleeping

41.Andrew’s sun-tanned face is a suggestion that he ()in excellent health.

A. 　be

B. 　is

C. 　being

D. 　was

45.()cleans the blackboard should be praised.

A. 　That

B. 　Who

C. 　The one who

D. 　The students who