4. Passage Thirty-ThreeWe all know that DNA has the ability to identify individuals but, because it is inherited, there are also regions of the DNA strand which can relate an individual to his or her family (immediate and extended), tribal group and even an entire population.Molecular Genealogy (宗谱学)can use this unique identification provided by the genetic markers to link people together into family trees.Pedigrees (家谱)based on such genetic markers can mean a breakthrough for family trees where information is incomplete or missing due to adoption, illegitimacy or lack of records.There are many communities and populations which have lost precious records due to tragic events such as the fire in the Irish courts during Civil War in 1921 or American slaves for whom many records were never kept in the first place.The main objective of the Molecular Genealogy Research Group is to build a database containing over 100,000 DNA samples from individuals all over the world.These individuals will have provided a pedigree chart of at least four generations and a small blood sample.Once the database has enough samples to represent the world genetic make-up, it will eventually help in solving many issues regarding genealogies that could not be done by relying only on traditional written records.Theoretically, any individual will someday be able to trace his or her family origins through this database.In the meantime, as the database is being created, molecular genealogy can already verify possible or suspected relationships between individuals.“For example, if two men sharing the same last name believe that they are related, but no written record proves this relationship, we can verify this possibility by collecting a sample of DNA from both and looking for common markers (in this case we can look primarily at the Y chromosome (染色体),” explains Ugo Perego, a member of the BYU Molecular Genealogy research team.If two men suspected for some reason they have a common ancestor, ().
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41.Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see().
A. who is he
B. who he is
C. who is it
D. who it is
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35.People who won’t work should be made ().
A. to work
B. work
C. has been done
D. to be working
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8.The house was very quiet, ()as it was on the side of a mountain.
A. isolated
B. isolating
C. being isolated
D. having been isolated
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45.In general, you cannot avoid making mistakes when you learn a new language.
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42.He swallows his words so much that I can never ()what he is saying.
A. make out
B. make up
C. deal with
D. point out
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18.()you are leaving tomorrow, we can eat dinner together tonight.
A. For
B. Since
C. Before
D. While
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16.()his sister, Jack is quiet and does not easily make friends with others.
A. Dislike
B. Unlike
C. Alike
D. Liking
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2. Passage Thirty-SixTraditionally, universities have carried out two main activities: research and teaching.Many experts would argue that both these activities play a critical role in serving the community.The fundamental question, however, is how does the community want or need to be served? In recent years universities have been coming under increasing pressure from both the governments and the public to ensure that they do not remain “ivory towers (象牙塔)” of study separated from the realities of everyday life.University teachers have been encouraged, and in some cases constrained (强迫), to provide more courses which produce graduates with the technical skills required for the commercial use.If Aristotle wanted to work in a university in the UK today, he would have a good chance of teaching computer science but would not be so readily employable as a philosopher.A post-industrial society requires large numbers of computer programmers, engineers, managers and technicians to maintain and develop its economic growth but “man”, as the Bible says, “does not live by bread alone.” Apart from requiring medical and social services, which do not directly contribute to economic growth, the society should also value and enjoy literature, music and the arts.Because they can also promote economic growth.A successful musical play, for instance, can contribute as much to the Gross National Product through tourist dollars as any other things.We can infer from the second paragraph that ().
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47.The best way to make friends is to start a conversation with someone and ()what your common interests are and go from there.
A. lead to
B. lay down
C. keep on
D. find out
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