4. Passage Twenty-ThreeWashington Irving was America’s first man of letters to be known internationally.His works were received enthusiastically both in England and in the United States.He was， in fact， one of the most successful writers of his time in the country， and at the same time winning the admiration of fellow writers like Scott in Britain and Poe and Hawthorne in the United States.The respect in which he was held was partly owing to the man himself， with his warm friendliness， his good sense， his urbanity， his gay spirits， his artistic integrity， his love of both the Old World and the New.Thackery described Irving as “a gentleman， who， though himself born in no very high sphere， was most finished， polished， witty; socially the equal of the most refined Europeans.” In England he was granted an honorary degree from Oxford—an unusual honor for a citizen of a young， uncultured nation—and he received the medal of the Royal Society of Literature.America made him ambassador to Spain.Irving’s background provides little to explain his literary achievements.A gifted but delicate child， he had little schooling.He studied law， but without zeal， and never did practice seriously.He was immune to his strict Presbyterian home environment， frequenting both social gatherings and the theatre.Which of the following best describes the effect of Irving’s personal qualities on his literary success?

45.They consider ()the budget should be adjusted each time it is implemented.

A. 　it necessary that

B. 　that it necessary

C. 　necessary that

D. 　necessary of it that

32.He ()on this essay for half an hour but he has written only about a hundred words.

A. 　was working

B. 　had worked

C. 　has been working

D. 　worked

3. Passage ThirtyThe Chinese have used a method called acupuncture (针灸)to help perform operations for about 4， 000 years without putting the patient to sleep.This involves inserting flexible needles into certain parts of the body.The needles are available in a number of stores in China and everyone may buy them.To learn how to use needles takes about one month of training.But to be skillful requires greater time.The person who performs the acupuncture knows how to put in the needles so the needles themselves are not painful.This person also knows where to place the needles so the patient feels no pain in the area where the operation is to be performed.In the past， a particular operation might require 25 or more needles placed in various parts of the body.But now this operation requires only 3 or 4 needles.Today， the Chinese doctors are trying to learn more about acupuncture.They are trying to develop a convincing theory to explain how the needles work in preventing pain， or why a needle in the wrist， for example， would prevent the pain in the area of the mouth.A patient who needs an operation is given a choice between having acupuncture or having one of the chemicals used for putting him to sleep.It has been estimated that over half of the patients choose acupuncture because there is no sickness after the operation whereas the chemical may make the patient sick for a few hours or a day.To learn how to use the needles， it takes a person ().

38.They found the lecture hard ().

A. 　to be understood

B. 　to understand

C. 　for understanding

D. 　to have been understood

10.Being a pop star can be quite a hard life， with a lot of travelling ()heavy schedules.

A. 　with regard to

B. 　as to

C. 　in relation to

D. 　owing to

4. Passage ElevenDoctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion， unless you learn how to deal with it.They warn that anger can lead to heart disease， stomach problems， headaches， emotional problems and breast cancer.Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.Some people express anger openly in a calm and reasonable way.Others burst with anger， screaming and yelling.But still others keep their anger inside.They cannot or will not express it.This is called (repressing)anger.For years some doctors claim that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous.They say that in both situations the brain of an angry person releases the same hormones (荷尔蒙).They spend the heart rate， raise blood pressure or sugar level in the blood.As a result， the angry person feels excited and is ready to react.The violent reaction may lead to high blood pressure.However， some other doctors argue that repressing anger is more dangerous to a person’s health than expressing it.They believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of heart disease.Most doctors agree that it is important to learn how to deal with anger.They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and recognize the real cause of the anger， then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about.If so， you should not express your anger immediately and try to wait until your anger has cooled down， so that you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.They also believe that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry.After all， it is much healthier to laugh than to get angry.What is the best title for this passage?

7、Contracts， in law， is an agreement that creates an obligation binding upon the parties thereto.The essentials of a contract are as follows: (1)mutual assents; (2)a legal consideration(法律:约因、对价)， which in most instances need not pecuniary(与金钱有关的); (3)parties who have legal capacity to make a contract; (4)absence of fraud(欺诈，诈骗)or duress(胁迫); and (5)a subject matter that is not illegal or against public policy.In general， contracts may be either oral or written.Certain classes of contracts， however， in order to be enforceable， must be written and signed.These include contracts involving the sale and transfer of real estate(不动产); contracts to guarantee or to answer for(对…承担责任)the miscarriage(不履行合同)， debt， or default(拖欠)of another person， etc.

10.Those gifts of rare books that were given to us were deeply().

A. 　appreciated

B. 　approved

C. 　appealed

D. 　applied

44.I would rather struggle for my dream than give it up and regret it later in my life.

1、Directions: For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic “I prefer being beautiful or being smart ”.Write your passage on the the ANSWER SHEET.You should write at least 120 words， and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:在现实生活中有的人漂亮但是不聪明，而另有一些人聪明但是不漂亮，你选择哪一类? 请你表达自己的观点并说明理由。