3. Passage ThirtyThe Chinese have used a method called acupuncture (针灸)to help perform operations for about 4， 000 years without putting the patient to sleep.This involves inserting flexible needles into certain parts of the body.The needles are available in a number of stores in China and everyone may buy them.To learn how to use needles takes about one month of training.But to be skillful requires greater time.The person who performs the acupuncture knows how to put in the needles so the needles themselves are not painful.This person also knows where to place the needles so the patient feels no pain in the area where the operation is to be performed.In the past， a particular operation might require 25 or more needles placed in various parts of the body.But now this operation requires only 3 or 4 needles.Today， the Chinese doctors are trying to learn more about acupuncture.They are trying to develop a convincing theory to explain how the needles work in preventing pain， or why a needle in the wrist， for example， would prevent the pain in the area of the mouth.A patient who needs an operation is given a choice between having acupuncture or having one of the chemicals used for putting him to sleep.It has been estimated that over half of the patients choose acupuncture because there is no sickness after the operation whereas the chemical may make the patient sick for a few hours or a day.To learn how to use the needles， it takes a person ().

31.In the densely ()part of the country， the problem of air pollution must be solved.

A. 　populous

B. 　population

C. 　popular

D. 　populated

50.The output of new energy vehicle this year is ()last year.

A. 　as much as twice

B. 　as twice much as

C. 　twice as much as

D. 　twice so much as

4.The price of beer ()from 50 cents to $ 4 per liter during the summer season.

A. 　altered

B. 　ranged

C. 　separated

D. 　differed

1、Directions: You are to write in no fewer than 100 words on the topic “The day I decided has changed my life”.Write your passage on the the ANSWER SHEET.

14.The hopes， goals， fears and desires widely ()between men and women， between the rich and the poor.

A. 　alter

B. 　shift

C. 　transfer

D. 　vary

46.He is the only one of the students who ()a winner of scholarship for three
years.

A. 　is

B. 　are

C. 　have been

D. 　has been

4. Passage Twenty-OneWhat will man be like in the future—in 5，000 or even 50，000 years from now? We can only make guesses， of course， but we can be sure that he will be different from what he is today.For man is slowly changing all the time.Let us take an obvious example.Man， even five hundred years ago， was shorter than he is today.Now， on average， men are about three inches taller.Five hundred years is relatively short period of time， so we may assume that man will continue to grow taller.Again， in the modern world we use our brains a great deal.Even so， we still make use of only about 20% of the brain’s capacity.As time goes on， however， we shall have to use our brains more and more， and eventually we shall need larger ones.This is likely to bring about a physical change to the head， in particular the forehead will grow larger.Nowadays our eyes are in constant use.In fact， we use them so much that very often they become weaker and we have to wear glasses.But over very long period of time it is likely that man’s eyes will grow stronger.On the other hand， we tend to make less use of our arms and legs.These， as a result， are likely to grow weaker.At the same time， however， our fingers will grow more sensitive because they are used a great deal in modern life.But what about hair? It will probably disappear from the body altogether in course of time because it does not serve a useful purpose any longer.In the future， then， both sexes are likely to be bald.Perhaps all this gives the impression that future man will not be a very attractive creature to look at.This may well be true.All the same， in spite of all these changes， future man will still have a lot in common with us.He will still be a human being， with thoughts and emotions similar to our own.Future man will probably ().

3. Passage Twenty-SevenOut of all the students who enroll in a massive open online course (MOOC)， only about 5 percent complete the course and receive a certificate of accomplishment.This statistic is often cited as evidence that MOOCs are fatally flawed (有缺陷的)and offer little educational value to most students.Yet more than 80 percent of students who fill out a post-course survey say they met their primary objective.How do we look at these two facts? We’re used to focusing on completion rates in higher education， but they’re not the only—or even the most meaningful—indicator of engagement in open online courses.With no cost to enroll， no punishment for dropping out， and little reward for actually earning a certificate， MOOCs are fundamentally different from traditional classes—and students use them in fundamentally different ways.Data from more than 1.8 million students enrolled in 36 MOOCs offered by the University of Pennsylvania show that students treat MOOCs like a buffet (自助餐)， sampling the material according to their interests and career goals.Some are curious about the subject matter and just watch one or two video lectures; others use the discussion forums to connect with their intellectual peers around the world.Of all enrolled students， nearly 60 percent watch at least one video， complete at least one assignment， or post at least once in a forum.So focusing on the tiny fraction of students who complete a MOOC is misguided.The more important number is the 60 percent engagement rate.Students may not finish a MOOC with a certificate of accomplishment， but the courses nonetheless meet the educational goals of millions.According to Para.3， students choose MOOCs for the following reasons EXCEPT ().

1.有些人认为，大学生要多些社会实践，为将来工作做准备。2.有些人认为，大学生要把时间和精力放在学习上。3.你的观点是什么?

1. Passage Thirty-FiveTelevision has changed the lifestyle of people in every industrialized country in the world.In the United States， where sociologists have studied the effects， some interesting observations have been made.Television， although not essential， has become an important part of most people’s lives.It alters people’s ways of seeing the world; in many ways， it supports and sustains (维持)modern life.Television has become a baby-sitter， an introducer of conversations， the major transmitter of culture and a keeper of tradition.Yet when what can be seen on TV in one day is critically analyzed， it becomes evident that television is not a teacher but a sustainer; the poor quality of programming does not elevate (提高)people into greater understanding， but rather maintains and encourages the life as it exists.The primary reason for the lack of quality in American television is related to both the history of TV programming development and the economics of TV.Television in America began with the radio.Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented with television.Therefore， the close relationship which the advertisers had with radio programs became the system for American TV.Sponsors not only paid money for time within programs， but many actually produced the programs.Thus， in American society， television is primarily concerned with reflecting and attracting society rather than experimenting with new ideas.Advertisers want to attract the largest viewing audience possible.To do so requires that the programs be entertaining rather than educational， attractive rather than challenging.Television in America today remains， to a large extent， with the same organization and standards as it had thirty years ago.The hope for further development and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in the entire system.According to the author， American television is poor in quality because ().