1. Passage 2 Man has always wanted to fly. Some of the greatest men in history had thought about the problem. One of them， for example， was the great Italian artist， Leonardo Da Vinci. In the 16th century he made designs for machines that would fly， but they were never built. Throughout history， other less famous men had wanted to fly. An example was a man in England 800 years ago. He made a pair of wings from chicken feathers. Then he fixed them to his body and jumped into air from a tall building. He did not fly very far. Instead， he fell to the ground and broke every bone of his body and rested in peace. The first real step took place in France， in 1783. Two brothers， the Montgolfiers， made a very large ―hot air balloon‖. They knew that hot air rises. Why not fill a balloon with it? The balloon was made of cloth and paper. In September of that year， the King and Queen of France came to see the balloon. They watched it carry the very first air passengers into the sky. The passengers were a sheep and a chicken. We do not know how they felt about the trip. But we do know that the trip lasted eight minutes and that the animals landed safely. Two months later， two men did the same thing. They rose above Paris in a balloon of the same kind. Their trip lasted twenty-five minutes and they traveled about. Leonardo Da Vinci( ).

181.He couldn‘t help but( )when his toy car fell into the rive.

A. 　to cry

B. 　 Crying

C. 　 Cry

D. 　 will cry

198.She won‘t be afraid as( )as you are here.

A. 　long

B. 　 well

C. 　 soon

D. 　 far

3. Passage 7 Greek soldiers sent messages by turning their shields toward the sun. The flashes reflected light could be seen several miles away. The enemy did not know what the flashes meant， but other Greek soldiers could understand the message. Roman soldiers in some places built long rows of signal towers. When they had a message to send， the soldiers shouted it from tower to tower. If there were enough towers and soldiers with loud voices， important news could be sent quickly over distance. In Africa， people learn to send messages by beating on a series of large drums. Each drum was kept within hearing distance of the next one. The drum beats were sent out in a special way that all the drummers understood. Though the messages were simple， they could be sent at great speed for hundreds of miles. In the eighteenth century， a French engineer found a new way to send short messages. In this way， a person held a flag in each hand and the arms were moved to various positions representing different letters of the alphabet. It was like spelling out words with flags and arms. Over a long period of time， people sent messages by all these different ways. However， not until the telephone was invented in America in the nineteenth century could people send speeches sounds over a great distance in just a few seconds. The African way of communication sent messages( ).

A. 　with arms.

B. 　over a very short distance

C. 　by a musical instrument

D. 　at a rather slow speed

4、Translation 4 For you， these next four years will be a time unlike any other. Here you are surrounded by great resources; interesting students from all over the country， a learned and caring faculty， a comprehensive library， great sports facilities， and student organizations covering every possible interest – from the arts to science， to community service and so on. You will have the freedom to explore and learn about new subjects. You will learn to get by on very little sleep， meet fascinating people， and pursue new passions. You should make the most of this unique experience and use your energy and enthusiasm to reap the benefits of this opportunity.

1. Passage 10 Your boss holds your future prospects in his hands. Some bosses are hard to get along with. Some have excellent qualifications but no idea when it comes to dealing with people. Of course， not all bosses are like that. The relationship you have with your boss can be a major factor in determining your rise up the career ladder. Your boss is not only your leader， he is also the person best equipped to help you do the job you are paid to do. He can inform you of company direction that may affect your professional development. Your boss also needs you to perform at your best in order to accomplish his objectives. He needs your feedback in order to provide realistic and useful reports to upper management. But how does this help you establish a meaningful working relationship with your boss? The key is communication. Learn and understand his goals and priorities (优先的事). Observe and understand your boss‘s work style. If he has not been clear with his expectations， ask! Likewise， ask for feedback and accept criticism gracefully. And if he understands that you do not view your job as just something to fill the hours between 9 and 5， he may be more likely to help you. In short， getting along with your boss requires getting to know his likes and dislikes and learning to work with his personality and management style. The main idea of the first paragraph is that( ).

A. 　 bosses are hard to deal with

B. 　 bosses have good character

C. 　 bosses determine your career future

D. 　 bosses must have similar personality

4.It was hard work， but they( )to it and got the job done.

A. 　continue

B. 　 follow

C. 　 adjust

D. 　 stuck

1. Passage 4 Do you know who Benjamin Banneker was and what he did? Benjamin Banneker was a self-educated scientist at a time when most African Americans were slaves. Born a free black man in the British Colony of Maryland in 1731， he received some formal education， but he mostly borrowed books and taught himself science and mathematics. At 22， he borrowed a pocket watch， and without any training， figured out how to carve a working wooden clock that chimed each hour. Because of this clock， he became well known and people would visit him just to see his creation. Banneker ran his family farm from many years， but when he was in his late 50s， a neighbor‘s son lent him a telescope. He became interested in astronomy， the study of the planets and stars， and again taught himself a new science. He made calculations of tides， sunrises and sunsets， and even predicted an eclipse. For several years he published an almanac of these calculations. Today， he is best known for publishing six almanacs， called ―Benjamin Banneker‘s Almanac‖ between 1792 and 1797. In the 1790s， Banneker also helped survey and lay out the land for Washington， D. C.， which became the nation‘s capital. For a look at Banneker‘s amazing life， visit the Benjamin Banneker Historical Park & Museum in Ellicott City， Maryland. What was the status of most African-Americans at Banneker‘s time?

A. 　Most African-Americans could have formal education.

B. 　Most African-Americans could be self-educated.

C. 　Most African-Americans had freedom.

D. 　Most African-Americans were slaves.

46.Unemployment has come down slightly， but this does not( )the fact that it is still a major problem.

A. 　cite

B. 　 confirm

C. 　 alter

D. 　 replace

116.It( )that the mysterious visitor was an old friend of my grandmother.

A. 　turned up

B. 　 turned off

C. 　 turned on

D. 　 turned out

15.I‘ll find the person who did this，( )he is!

A. 　anybody

B. 　 someone

C. 　 whoever

D. 　 whomever