3、Believe it or not， optical illusion(错觉)can cut highway crashes. Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75percent using a simple optical illusion. Bent stripes， called chevrons (人字形)， painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are， and thus drivers slow down. Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D.C. is planning to repeat Japan＇s success. Starting next year， the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes. Excessive speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents， according to the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed - related hazards are the greatest - curves， exit slopes， traffic circles， and bridges. Some studies suggest that straight， horizontal bars painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However， traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars. Chevrons， scientists say， not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower.The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents.4.The American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety plans to()( )

27.During the ()two decades， research has greatly expanded our knowledge about the sleep and dreams.( )

A. pass

B. passed

C. past

D. pasted

4.Finding a job can be ()and disappointing， and therefore it is important that you are prepared.( )

A. exploiting

B. frustrating

C. profiting

D. misleading

4.The.painter.gave.the.art.students()( )criticism of their work.

A. construction

B. constructive

C. to construct

D. constructing

45.I expect her to ()her obligation.( )

A. carry off

B. carry away

C. carry on

D. carry out

40. She could hardly () laughing .( )

A. retain

B. refuse

C. resist

D. insist

7.We tried and tried， but it was all()

A. to no avail

B. for no avail

C. not to avail

D. not of avail

44.To continue to oppose is to hold ()

A. Up

B. off

C. out

D. from

10.All his evenings were () with study.( )

A. taken in

B. taken up

C. taken for

D. taken down

4、Many people think New York is a noisy city. In fact， scientists who study noise say that the average noise level in New York is 72.5 decibels. This is a little louder than normal conversation， which is 65 decibels. The noise level is the result of so many people and cars in the same area. Now even the insides of taxis are noisy. When you get into a taxi， you hear the voice of a well-known singer sports reporter， or Broadway actress giving instructions. That＇s right. The voice of a famous person tells you what to do.One popular singer gives this message:” Cats have nine lives， but you have only one， to fasten your seat beat!”Other voices say things such as “Don＇t forget to collect all your belongings.”【People often leave hats， umbrella， and bags in taxis. 】 There is a good reason for the messages. There are more than 12， 000 cabs in New York， and every year taxis get into more than 15， 000 accidents. In an accident， people who don＇t wear seat belts hit the partition， the glass wall separating the driver and passengers in the taxi. They can hurt their foreheads or break their noses or chins. Every year， about 11， 000 people are injured in this way. Many people are annoyed by the voices. Cabdrivers in particular dislike the messages.”I play the messages 12 hours a day.I hear the same voices 60 times a day. It makes me crazy， “ says Atnis， a 45-year-old cabdriver.”But if I don＇t play the messages， I get fined 100 dollars.” A lot of passengers complained， too.”It＇s too much noise， “ says a passenger， “l asked the driver to turn off the message， but he said he can＇t.” Other people think the voices are a great idea. One taxi driver says， “ People like to hear the famous voices， and they put on their seat belts more often.” And passengers from out of town really like the idea.”Most of the time， taxi drivers are in a bad mood， “says Melanie Benton， who visits New York often on business， “It＇s nice to hear a cheerful voice when you get into a cab.”3.It can be inferred from the passage that a taxi driver hears the same voices()every day.( )

A. about 5 times an hour

B. about 6 time an hour

C. about 50 times an hour

D. about 60 times an hour

10.The new laws limit the () of the king＇s power.

A. height

B. level

C. extent

D. horizon