1. Passage Six We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary， both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming (把 …按能力分班) pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all， it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade! Besides， it is rather unreal to grade pupils just according to their intellectual (智力的) ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full， not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills， and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning. In our classrooms， we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to co-operate， to share， and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as how to think， to make decisions， to analyze and evaluate， and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher. Sometimes the pupils work in pairs. Sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments， and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encourage our pupils to use the library， and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work. It doesn’t matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best， not their least， and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal. The author’s purpose of writing this passage is to ( ) .

41. Andrew’s sun-tanned face is a suggestion that he (_____) in excellent health.

A. 　 be

B. 　 is

C. 　 being

D. 　 was

4. Passage Seventeen No one knows how man learned to make words. Perhaps he began by making sounds like those made by animals. Perhaps he grunted like a pig when he lifted something heavy. Perhaps he made sounds like those he heard all round him——water splashing， bees humming， a stone falling to the ground. Somehow， he learned to make words. As the centuries went by， he made more and more new words. This is what we mean by language. People living in different countries made different kinds of words. Today there are about fifteen hundred different languages in the world. Each contains many thousands of words. A very large English dictionary， for example， contains four or five hundred thousand words. But we do not need all these. Only a few thousand words are used in everyday life. The words you know are called your vocabulary. You should try to make your vocabulary bigger. You’re supposed to read as many books as you can. There are plenty of books written in easy English for you to read. You will enjoy them. When you meet a new word， you should find it in your dictionary. Your dictionary is your most useful book. Man ( ) to make sounds.

A. used words

B. followed many things in nature

C. lifted heavy things

D. grunted like a pig

4. Passage Fourteen For a long time， people have disagreed about whether golf is a sport or a game. On one side of the argument， people say that golf meets the dictionary definition of a sport， because it is a physical， athletic activity. They add that golf is recognized as a sport by sporting goods companies， athletic groups， fans， and the media. Also， golf’s inclusion in the Olympics in 2016 is more proof that it is sport. On the other side， people say that golf is a game， not a sport. They say golf is not a very physical activity and can be played well by people who are overweight or injured. Also， golf was only recently added to the Olympics. For more than 100 years it was not included in the Olympic Games. For many， the Olympic Games serve as a measurement for whether an activity should be called a sport. Golf was first included in the Olympics in 1900. However， it was removed shortly thereafter because of a lack of participation and conflict with other golf events. Through the years， there were several attempts to bring golf back to the Olympics. It wasn’t until the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro， Brazil that golf returned. Some say the return of golf does not prove that it is a sport. Rather， it only proves that the Olympics wanted to benefit from the star power of famous golfers like Tiger Woods. The disagreement continues today. Those who think golf is a sport point to pro-golfers like Woods， who are strong and fit. Those who disagree point to golfers like John Daly. He is a successful pro-golfer who once had health problems. So is golf a sport? The answer depends on who you ask——and whether that person owns a set of golf clubs.According to Paragraph 5， the inclusion of golf in the Olympics ( ) .

A. indicates that it is a sport

B. results from the star effect

C. ends the debate on golf

D. benefits its development

4. Passage Seven A few centuries ago， people looked at the birds and wondered what it would be like to fly like them. There were stories of heroes who glued bird feathers on their arms and flew up into the sky. About 500 years ago， some people dreamed a different dream. Instead of flying up to the sky， they dreamed of falling from the sky! In the 15th century， Italian inventors designed a cone-shaped (雏形) device that was supposed to bring a man down safely from a great height. The operator held on to a handle with straps strapped to his waist. This was the first known design for a parachute (降落伞) . Even the great inventor Leonardo da Vinci sketched a type of parachute. His parachute design was in the shape of a pyramid (金字塔). Other inventors also sketched their own designs for a parachute. Unfortunately， these were only designs on paper and no one tested them . A Croatian inventor named Fausto Veranzio looked at Leonardo da Vinci’s parachute design and replaced the pyramid shape with one that looked like a sail from a ship. When Veranzio was 65 years old， he fell ill. Thinking he would not live longer， he decided to try out his parachute invention. He built his parachute using wood and cloth. Strapping his invention to his waist， he jumped off the tall bell tower in his city. He landed safely! He was supposedly the first man to successfully use a parachute. However， some people thought this story was not true. If that was the case， then the first person to successfully use a parachute would go to a Frenchman named Louis-Sebastien Lenormand in 1783 .As for the first man who successfully used a parachute， ( ) .

A. it was said to be Leonardo da Vinci

B. we know for sure he was Veranzio

C. there were some historical records

D. we don’t know for sure yet

49. No one thought that Smith’s suggestion was worth (_____)_.

A. 　 considering

B. 　 to consider

C. 　 to being considered

D. 　 to be considered

50. You may (_____)_ these heavy clothes till you need them again next winter since spring is here,

A. 　 put off

B. 　 put down

C. 　 put over

D. 　 put away

3. Passage Ten Nowadays， children heavily cling to digital devices such as computers and smart phones. Some spend up to six hours a day on their digital devices. They can be playing games online with people elsewhere， updating their status on social media， texting friends， or looking for the latest apps to download to their computers or smart phones. This worried Martin Strott. He is the headmaster of the Old Hall School in Wellington， England. He was so concerned that he challenged his students to take part in a week of 【 “digital】 【detox”】， a program to reduce their reliance on digital devices. Mr. Strott told the local newspaper， the Shropshire Star， that too much screen time would affect the development of their social skills. At another interview with a magazine， he mentioned that this over-reliance on digital devices “takes away family time and reduces their chances of face-to-face communication” . The parents are happy with the program. But what about the children? Nine-year-old Fred usually spends around two hours on his digital devices at home after school and around 12 hours on weekends. For him， the digital detox experience was “really hard” . He said that he had been engaged in many interesting outdoor activities organized by the headmaster， but still missed his phone and online games. The idea of keeping children away from their digital devices for a while to prevent too much dependence on them is not particularly new. There have been similar practices in the United States. But are they effective in the long run? According to Mr. Strott， even if kids go back to their digital devices， the hope is that at least they will think about how they will use their time. The Shropshire Star is ( ) .

A. a magazine

B. a newspaper

C. a learning app

D. a digital device

5. Passage One There are three separate sources of danger in supplying energy by nuclear power. First， the radioactive material must travel from its place of production to the power station. Although the power stations themselves are strongly built， the containers used for the transport of the materials are not. Normally， only two methods of transport are in use， namely road or rail. Unfortunately， both of these may have an effect on the general public， since they are sure to pass near， or even through， heavily populated areas. Second， there is the problem of waste. All nuclear power stations produce wastes that in most cases will remain radioactive for thousands of years. It is impossible to make these wastes nonradioactive， so they must be stored in one of the inconvenient ways that scientists have invented. For example， they may be buried under the ground， or dropped into deserted mines， or sunk in the sea. However， these methods do not solve the problem， since an earthquake could easily break the containers.
Third， there may occur the danger of a leak or an explosion at the power station. Compared with the other two dangers， this is not very likely， so it does not provide a serious objection to the nuclear program. However， it can happen. Separately， these three types of dangers are not a great cause for worry. Taken together， though， the probability of disaster is extremely high. Which of the following is TRUE?

A. The public are not strongly against the nuclear program.

B. The public are strongly against the nuclear program.

C. The public are not worrying about the dangers of unclear power.

D. The public know little about the dangers of unclear power.

3. Passage Eight Wisdom teeth are normally the last teeth to appear. This usually happens when people are in their late teen years or early twenties—in other words， when they are older and wiser. Wisdom teeth are chewing teeth， at the back of the mouth. They can grow into place normally and never cause a problem. But often there is not enough room for them in the mouth. They might crowd other teeth. Sometimes they even push sideways through the gums (牙床). An impacted wisdom tooth is one that fails to completely rise through the gum—the term is 【erupt】. Wisdom teeth that only partially erupt can leave space for bacteria to enter around the tooth. Infection is a risk in these cases. Wisdom teeth that are not well in place and become impacted are often removed. People should have the placement of their wisdom teeth examined between the ages of sixteen and twenty. X-rays can show wisdom teeth that are below the gums. The American Dental Association says removal is generally advised when wisdom teeth only partly break through the gums. Removal is also advised if there is a chance that poorly placed wisdom teeth will damage other teeth. And removal is called for in cases where fluid collects around a wisdom tooth that is partly or fully below the gum. But why do we have wisdom teeth if we often need to get them removed? One theory has to do with our diets. Scientists say the diet of prehistoric humans probably required more chewing teeth. Life was probably alittle rougher on the teeth back then， too. So it was good to have extras. The American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial (上颌面的) Surgeons says young adults are the best candidates for wisdom teeth removal. The group says older patients may be at greater risk for disease in the tissue surrounding the teeth. After surgery， there can be swelling of the gums and face and some pain. Both can be treated with cold wraps and medication (药物治疗). When a wisdom tooth fails to rise completely， ( ) .

A. it may need more time to grow

B. it may cause swelling in the face

C. it may cause infection

D. it may be left unnoticed

4. Passage Twelve What are the differences between public and private in American higher education? A big difference involves money. Public colleges and universities charger for an education just like private schools. But state schools cost less because they get money from the states that started them to educate local citizens. As a result， out-of-state and international students usually pay more than state residents， at least the first year. The state with the most residents， almost forty million， is California. Its systems of two-year and four-year colleges and universities are among the largest in the world. But the example we are going to focus on today is to the north of California， in a much smaller state on the West Coast: Oregon. The University of Oregon， located in Eugene， is one of the campuses in the Oregon University System. The cost for undergraduates this year is $6，000 for state residents. Housing is an additional $8，000. Non-residents pay the same for housing——but almost $20，000 for tuition and fees. Let’s see how these numbers compare to a private college in Oregon. Lewis and Clark College in Portland has 4，000 students， compared to 20，000 at the University of Oregon. Housing costs $800 more than at the state school. But the big difference is tuition. The published price at Lewis and Clark is almost $34，000. Yet Lewis and Clark is one of the few American colleges to offer financial aid for international students. Each year it awards financial aid to twenty students from other countries. And it says the average award last year was 19，000 dollars. That would make Lewis and Clark cheaper for international students than the University of Oregon. But， of course， prices alone do not say anything about the quality of a school or the value of an education. The costs of tuition and housing in Lewis and Clark College are ( ) .

A. both more expensive than in the University of Oregon

B. cheaper for foreign students than in the University of Oregon

C. the same as that in the University of Oregon

D. cheaper than those of the University of Oregon for the state residents