2. Passage Thirteen Trees are useful to man in three important ways: they provide him with wood and other products; they give him shade; and they help to prevent droughts and floods. Unfortunately， in many parts of the world， man has not realized that the third of these services is the most important. In his eagerness to make money from trees， he has cut them down in large numbers， only to find that without them he has lost the best friends he had. And besides， he is usually too careless to plant and look after new trees. So the forests slowly disappear. This does not only mean that man will have fewer trees. The results are even more serious: for where there are trees， their roots break up soil——allowing the rain to sink in——and also bind the soil， thus preventing it from being washed away easily; but where there are no trees， the rain falls on hard ground and flows away， causing floods and carrying away the rich top-soil. When all the top-soil is gone， nothing remains but worthless desert. Two thousand years ago a rich and powerful country cut down its trees to build warships， with which to gain itself an empire. It set up the empire but， without its trees， its soil became poor and it grew weak. When the empire fell to pieces， the home country found itself faced with floods and starvation.Why do forests in many parts of the world slowly disappear?

5. Passage Three Have you always dreamed of traveling to cool places， meeting lots of different people， and maybe picking up a language or two? No matter what country you live in， you can fly over the world’s highest waterfalls in Venezuela， learn world trade in Japan， study art in France， or take dancing lessons in Ghana. How? Join a study abroad program， where high school and college students live with a host family in a foreign country. Semester， summer， and year-long programs allow you to attend school， take intensive language courses， or perform community service in another country. Besides the excitement of travel， one reason to study abroad is that you will experience new customs， holidays， foods， art， music， and politics firsthand. “I learned the language and am now fluent， but perhaps more important was how much I learned about cultures， people， and myself. I learned this from the viewpoint of an active member of the community and my host family， not from the tourist’s point of view，” says Andrew， who studied in Poitiers， France. Another reason for studying abroad is that you’ll gain self-confidence. Christina studied in Caracas， Venezuela， a city of 10 million people and a huge change from her hometown of 35，000! Christina says she learned how to better stand up for herself and her beliefs and to express herself in another language. What could make you more confident than that? Living away from home can also help you adjust in the transition to college and adulthood. Matthew says he returned from studying in Australia with confidence， social savvy， and a genuine interest in international affairs that really set him apart from his peers. “After having gone abroad in high school， I found the transition to college to be a breeze—moving 560 miles from home didn’t seem particularly daunting after having lived thousands of miles away.” And speaking of college， improving your language skills might help you get into dream colleges and even land future jobs. Colleges and employers know that studying abroad provides leadership skills in a world that is increasingly globally interconnected. Most of all， it’s fun! You’re not likely to suffer from sophomore slump or general boredom while you’re studying in a different learning environment. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?

A. Experience a New Culture.

B. Why Study Abroad?

C. How to Travel to Cool Places.

D. Studying in a Different Learning Environment.

36. Researchers have spent a decade collecting data (_____) the study was based.

A. 　 in which

B. 　 in that

C. 　 on which

D. 　 on that

2. Passage Twenty-One What will man be like in the future—in 5，000 or even 50，000 years from now? We can only make guesses， of course， but we can be sure that he will be different from what he is today. For man is slowly changing all the time. Let us take an obvious example. Man， even five hundred years ago， was shorter than he is today. Now， on average， men are about three inches taller. Five hundred years is relatively short period of time， so we may assume that man will continue to grow taller. Again， in the modern world we use our brains a great deal. Even so， we still make use of only about 20% of the brain’s capacity. As time goes on， however， we shall have to use our brains more and more， and eventually we shall need larger ones. This is likely to bring about a physical change to the head， in particular the forehead will grow larger. Nowadays our eyes are in constant use. In fact， we use them so much that very often they become weaker and we have to wear glasses. But over very long period of time it is likely that man’s eyes will grow stronger. On the other hand， we tend to make less use of our arms and legs. These， as a result， are likely to grow weaker. At the same time， however， our fingers will grow more sensitive because they are used a great deal in modern life. But what about hair? It will probably disappear from the body altogether in course of time because it does not serve a useful purpose any longer. In the future， then， both sexes are likely to be bald. Perhaps all this gives the impression that future man will not be a very attractive creature to look at. This may well be true. All the same， in spite of all these changes， future man will still have a lot in common with us. He will still be a human being， with thoughts and emotions similar to our own.The evidence that man is changing is that ( ) .

A. man has been growing taller over the past 500 years

B. man has got stronger eyes than he ever had

C. man’s hair is getting thinner and thinner

D. man’s limbs are getting weaker because he tends to make less use of them

31. Every man ,woman, and child (_____) better healthier care.

A. 　 Deserve

B. 　 were deserving

C. 　 have deserved

D. 　 deserves

4. Passage Twenty-Two Though some people have suggested that women should return to housework in order to leave more jobs for men， the idea has been rejected by both women and men in public opinion polls (民意测验). Lately some union officials have suggested that too many women are employed in type of work more suitable for men and that women should step aside to make way for unemployed young men. They argue that women—especially women in their childbearing years actually delay economic development and result in lower productivity， poor quality and inefficiency. To solve the problem， they have suggested that the working women stay at home while their husbands or brothers were given double wages. They argue that under these circumstances， families would retain their same level of income， and women could run the house and raise children much better. The suggestion has been rejected by 9 out of 10 people polled. A hundred persons in a big city were questioned last summer. Out of 50 women， 46 said they were unwilling to leave their jobs， no matter what the situation was. The other 4 said they would like to return home if their jobs could be taken by their sons or daughters. Of 50 men polled， only 6 said they would like to see their wives give up their jobs， if it meant higher wages for themselves. Some other people have suggested another way called “phased employment theory” . The theory suggests that a woman worker take leave from her job when she is seven months pregnant (妊娠) and stay off the job until her baby reaches the age of 3. It suggests that women on leave receive 75 percent of their normal salary and be allowed to return to work after the 3-year period. This will benefit children， women， their families and the society. Some of those polled， both women and men， felt the idea is a good one. It definitely seems to be more acceptable than the suggestion that women return to home forever. From the passage we can see “phased employment” means ( ) .

A. two or more women share the same job

B. women stay at home on weekdays and go to work on weekends or holidays

C. a woman should resign her job forever if she has a child

D. women are allowed to take leave from their jobs during their childbearing years

45. (_____)_ cleans the blackboard should be praised.

A. 　 That

B. 　 Who

C. 　 The one who

D. 　 The students who

4. Passage Twenty-Three Washington Irving was America’s first man of letters to be known internationally. His works were received enthusiastically both in England and in the United States. He was， in fact， one of the most successful writers of his time in the country， and at the same time winning the admiration of fellow writers like Scott in Britain and Poe and Hawthorne in the United States. The respect in which he was held was partly owing to the man himself， with his warm friendliness， his good sense， his urbanity， his gay spirits， his artistic integrity， his love of both the Old World and the New. Thackery described Irving as “a gentleman， who， though himself born in no very high sphere， was most finished， polished， witty; socially the equal of the most refined Europeans. ” In England he was granted an honorary degree from Oxford—an unusual honor for a citizen of a young， uncultured nation—and he received the medal of the Royal Society of Literature. America made him ambassador to Spain. Irving’s background provides little to explain his literary achievements. A gifted but delicate child， he had little schooling. He studied law， but without zeal， and never did practice seriously. He was immune to his strict Presbyterian home environment， frequenting both social gatherings and the theatre. Which of the following best describes the effect of Irving’s personal qualities on his literary success?

A. His personal qualities were entirely responsible for his literary success.

B. His personal qualities were primarily responsible for his literary success.

C. His personal qualities had some effects on his literary success.

D. His personal qualities had no effects on his literary success.

39. The police are suspicious (_____)_ making plans for the summer vacation.

A. 　 to

B. 　 at

C. 　 on

D. 　 of

2. Passage Eleven Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion， unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease， stomach problems， headaches， emotional problems and breast cancer. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm and reasonable way. Others burst with anger， screaming and yelling. But still others keep their anger inside. They cannot or will not express it. This is called 【repressing】 anger. For years some doctors claim that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They say that in both situations the brain of an angry person releases the same hormones (荷尔蒙). They spend the heart rate， raise blood pressure or sugar level in the blood. As a result， the angry person feels excited and is ready to react. The violent reaction may lead to high blood pressure. However， some other doctors argue that repressing anger is more dangerous to a person’s health than expressing it. They believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of heart disease. Most doctors agree that it is important to learn how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and recognize the real cause of the anger， then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If so， you should not express your anger immediately and try to wait until your anger has cooled down， so that you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably. They also believe that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. After all， it is much healthier to laugh than to get angry . According to some doctors， ( ) .

A. neither expressing nor repressing anger would produce hormones

B. expressing anger would produce lower level of hormones than repressing it

C. expressing anger would produce the same level of hormones as repressing it

D. expressing anger would produce higher level of hormones than repressing it

44. He reads newspapers every day to keep himself () about what’s going on in the world.

A. 　 inform

B. 　 informing

C. 　 informed

D. 　 being informed