38. He failed to supply the facts relevant (_____)_ the case i question.

3. Passage Twenty-Three Washington Irving was America’s first man of letters to be known internationally. His works were received enthusiastically both in England and in the United States. He was， in fact， one of the most successful writers of his time in the country， and at the same time winning the admiration of fellow writers like Scott in Britain and Poe and Hawthorne in the United States. The respect in which he was held was partly owing to the man himself， with his warm friendliness， his good sense， his urbanity， his gay spirits， his artistic integrity， his love of both the Old World and the New. Thackery described Irving as “a gentleman， who， though himself born in no very high sphere， was most finished， polished， witty; socially the equal of the most refined Europeans. ” In England he was granted an honorary degree from Oxford—an unusual honor for a citizen of a young， uncultured nation—and he received the medal of the Royal Society of Literature. America made him ambassador to Spain. Irving’s background provides little to explain his literary achievements. A gifted but delicate child， he had little schooling. He studied law， but without zeal， and never did practice seriously. He was immune to his strict Presbyterian home environment， frequenting both social gatherings and the theatre. Which of the following best describes the effect of Irving’s Presbyterian background on his life?

A. It fostered his love for the theater.

B. It developed his skill in business.

C. It prompted his interest in law.

D. It had almost no effect on his life.

5. . Passage Twenty All friendships require a certain amount of chemistry. But when two people of the opposite sex become friends， sometimes those friendly feelings can start to resemble something more like sexual tension. Male-female friendships can be an emotional minefield of hidden desires. Does this mean you secretly want to jump into bed with all of your friends? Of course not. But do you ever wonder how many of them might be interested if the opportunity presented itself? Maybe you and your platonic (柏拉图式的) friendship are just a bad breakup and a bottle of wine away from crossing that boundary and hooking up (结合). So can two people of the opposite sex ever really be “just friends?” The Hollywood answer to this age-old question is a decisive HELL NO. On screen， male-female friendships always turn into something more. Harry and Sally， Chandler and Monica， Jim and Pam … … Do I need to go on? Even the characters in Just Friends wind up becoming much more than the film’s definitive title suggests. Cinematic stories dictate that when reasonably attractive men and women befriend one another， they are always on the road to romance， whether they realize it or not. But how much truth is there to this friendship as foreplay theory? It is not a whole lot. Real life isn’t a romantic comedy. Men and women go to school together， work together and hang out in plenty of platonic settings without falling hopelessly in love with one another. Last year， a close female friend of mine moved in with a new male roommate. My immediate reaction was， “You two are definitely going to sleep together.” It seemed to me that a single man and woman living under the same roof would inevitably end up doing it. Much to my surprise， the roommate romance never happened. Almost one year later， the two of them have never even come close to seeing each other naked. Instead， their way of life has come to resemble a sexless marriage. They cook for each other， argue over domestic chores and insist that they never， ever think about each other “that way.” In the last paragraph， the man and the woman ( ) .

A. never become close friends

B. end up sleeping together

C. end up with a sexless marriage

D. never have romance

49. No sooner (_____) home than it started to rain.

A. 　 have we arrived

B. 　 did we arrive

C. 　 had we arrived

D. 　 shall we arrive

5. Passage Twelve What are the differences between public and private in American higher education? A big difference involves money. Public colleges and universities charger for an education just like private schools. But state schools cost less because they get money from the states that started them to educate local citizens. As a result， out-of-state and international students usually pay more than state residents， at least the first year. The state with the most residents， almost forty million， is California. Its systems of two-year and four-year colleges and universities are among the largest in the world. But the example we are going to focus on today is to the north of California， in a much smaller state on the West Coast: Oregon. The University of Oregon， located in Eugene， is one of the campuses in the Oregon University System. The cost for undergraduates this year is $6，000 for state residents. Housing is an additional $8，000. Non-residents pay the same for housing——but almost $20，000 for tuition and fees. Let’s see how these numbers compare to a private college in Oregon. Lewis and Clark College in Portland has 4，000 students， compared to 20，000 at the University of Oregon. Housing costs $800 more than at the state school. But the big difference is tuition. The published price at Lewis and Clark is almost $34，000. Yet Lewis and Clark is one of the few American colleges to offer financial aid for international students. Each year it awards financial aid to twenty students from other countries. And it says the average award last year was 19，000 dollars. That would make Lewis and Clark cheaper for international students than the University of Oregon. But， of course， prices alone do not say anything about the quality of a school or the value of an education. We can conclude from the passage that the cost and the quality of a university are

A. the more the better

B. the more the worse

C. not necessarily related

D. closely related

1. Passage Twenty-Three Washington Irving was America’s first man of letters to be known internationally. His works were received enthusiastically both in England and in the United States. He was， in fact， one of the most successful writers of his time in the country， and at the same time winning the admiration of fellow writers like Scott in Britain and Poe and Hawthorne in the United States. The respect in which he was held was partly owing to the man himself， with his warm friendliness， his good sense， his urbanity， his gay spirits， his artistic integrity， his love of both the Old World and the New. Thackery described Irving as “a gentleman， who， though himself born in no very high sphere， was most finished， polished， witty; socially the equal of the most refined Europeans. ” In England he was granted an honorary degree from Oxford—an unusual honor for a citizen of a young， uncultured nation—and he received the medal of the Royal Society of Literature. America made him ambassador to Spain. Irving’s background provides little to explain his literary achievements. A gifted but delicate child， he had little schooling. He studied law， but without zeal， and never did practice seriously. He was immune to his strict Presbyterian home environment， frequenting both social gatherings and the theatre. The main point of the first paragraph is that Washington Irving was ( ) .

A. America’s first man of letters

B. a writer who had great success both in and outside his own country

C. a man who was able to move from literature to politics

D. a man whose personal charm enabled him to get by with basically inferior work

1. Passage Four Did your mum and dad go to university， or did they leave school and go straight to the Job Centre? The educational experience of parents is still important when it comes to how today’s students choose an area of study and what to do after graduation， according to the Future-track research in the UK. The research was done by the Higher Education Careers Service Unit. It plans to follow university applicants for six years from 2006 through their early careers. The first year’s findings come from a study of 130，000 university applicants. They show significant differences in prospective students’ approach to higher education， depending on whether their parents got degrees 【second-generation applicants】 or didn’t 【first-generation applicants】. First-generation applicants were more likely to say that their career and employment prospects were uppermost in their minds in deciding to go to university. About one-fifth of this group gave “to enable me to get a good job” as their main reason for choosing high education. And 37 percent said that a degree was “part of my career plan” . A young person coming from a non-professional household where finances are stretched may find the idea of learning for its own sake to be a luxury. This explains the explosion in vocational course. At Portsmouth University， first-year student Kim Burnett， 19， says that she specifically chose her degree in health research management and psychology to get a secure， well-paid job. Harriet Edge， 20， studying medicine at Manchester University， also wanted job security. Her parents lacked college degrees， though the fact that her uncle is a doctor appears to have influenced her choice. “Medicine is one of those fields where it’s pretty likely you’ll get a job at the end. That’s a big plus， as the debt levels after five years of study are going to be frightening，” she says. Many experts believe that this situation affects those with no family tradition of higher education far more keenly. The fact that 26 percent of respondents said that they needed more advice implies that some students may end up feeling that their higher education investment was not worthwhile. For those with graduate parents， this lack of guidance may， the researchers suggest， be less of a problem. “But， for those without the advantages， lack of access to career guidance before applying for higher education leaves them exposed to making poorer choices，” the survey concludes. The main idea of the passage is that ( ) .

A. parents’ experiences are more important for their children’s education

B. parents’ careers are vitally important for their children’s degrees

C. students’ approach to higher education correlates with their parents’ educational experience

D. students’ career and employment prospects are decided by their parents

46. (_____)__ is interested in the job may apply for it.

A. 　 Who

B. 　 Whomever

C. 　 Whoever

D. 　 He that

35.When I look at myself (_____)_ the mirror, sometimes I get frightened.

A. 　 On

B. 　 in

C. 　at

D. 　 within

2. Passage Two When older people can no longer remember names at a cocktail party， they tend to think that their brainpower is declining. But a growing number of studies suggest that this assumption is often wrong. Instead，the research finds， the aging brain is simply taking in more data and trying to examine carefully a lot of information， often to its long-term benefit. Some brains do deteriorate with age. But for most aging adults， researchers say， much of what occurs is a gradually widening focus of attention that makes it more difficult to get hold of just one fact. Although that can be frustrating， it is often useful. “It may be that distractibility is not， in fact， a bad thing，” said Shelley H. Carson， a psychology researcher at Harvard. “It may increase the amount of information available to the conscious mind. ” For example， in studies where subjects are asked to read passages that are interrupted with unexpected words or phrases， adults 60 and older work much more slowly than college students. Although the students plow through the texts at a consistent speed regardless of what the out-of-place words mean， older people slow down even more when the words are related to the topic at hand. That indicates that they are not just stumbling (结结巴巴地念) over the extra information， but are taking it in and processing it. When both groups were later asked questions for which the out-of-place words might be answers， the older adults responded much better than the students. “For the young people， it’s as if the distraction never happened，” said a researcher of the review， Lynn Hasher， a professor of psychology at the University of Toronto. “But for older adults， because they’ve retained all this extra data， they’re now suddenly the better problem solvers. They can transfer the information they’ve soaked up from one situation to another.” Such tendencies can yield big advantages in the real world， where it is not always clear what information is important， or will become important. For instance， a seemingly irrelevant point or suggestion in a memo can take on new meaning if the original plan changes. What does Shelley H. Carson mean by saying “. .. distractibility is not， in fact， a bad thing”【Line 1， Para. 3】?

A. It is not important to concentrate on one thing.

B. Distractibility can improve people＇s brainpower.

C. Being distracted means taking in more information.

D. People often worry about distractibility.

1. Passage Five The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects. Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For example， some advertisers have appealed to people’s desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage. Some of the products work. Others are worthless and a waste of consumers’ money. Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago， a brand of bread was offered to dieters with the message that there were fewer calories in every slice. It turned out that the bread was not dietetic， but just regular bread. There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin， but there were the same number of calories in every loaf. On the positive side， emotional appeals may respond to a consumer’s real concerns. Consider fire insurance. Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss. But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance. The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as the message in the ads， they will benefit from the advertising. Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation. Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers， but it does not force them to buy the product. Consumers still control the final buying decision. Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by ( ) .

A. stressing their high quality

B. convincing him of their low price

C. maintaining a balance between quality and price

D. appealing to his buying motives